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The DNA samples can be obtained from traces of blood, hair or semen or any other body fluid. The human genome has Hypervariable regions of various lengths that varies from individual to individual. These hypervariable regions contain short sequences of DNA (e.g. GGAGGTGGGCAGGAG) called minisatellites that are repeated many times over. Individual differences in the lengths of restriction fragments appear to depend on, in part, on the number of times each minisatellite is repeated within the hypervariable region. Using the genetic probes, the DNA fragments from the hypervariable region are separated by electrophoresis and radio-labeled to produce a genetic fingerprint. A completed finger print consist of many parallel bars unique to each individual. The genetic finger print of a child seems to be derived from it’s father or mother. Therefore this method is used to establish true blood relationships in cases of disputed parentage.
Diagrammatic representation of DNA molecule
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